Convention is in force (101)
The 1980 Convention operates between these two States — a return application can be made under it (subject, as always, to the facts of your case).
Special case — China (1)
Applies only to Hong Kong SAR / Macao SAR, not mainland China. Where in China matters decisively.
In-force status is computed from the official HCCH Article 38 acceptance table (as of 2026-07-26); acceptances can change, so re-check the HCCH source. This is general information, not legal advice — whether the Convention helps in your specific case also depends on facts a lawyer must assess (habitual residence, custody rights, and whether the removal happened after the Convention entered into force for both States). Not affiliated with the HCCH.